TechForward Solutions, a mid$-$sized technology consulting firm based in Johannesburg, has recently undergone a significant digital transformation to align its business operations with modern technological advancements. Over the past five years, the company has invested heavily in IT infrastructure, including a cloud$-$based data warehousing system and advanced data mining tools. These investments were driven by the growing demand for real$-$time data analytics to support decision$-$making in the competitive consulting industry. However, the transition has not been without challenges. A significant hurdle for TechForward Solutions was integrating its legacy systems with the new technology. Employees faced a steep learning curve in adapting to the new Business Intelligence $($BI$)$ tools, and some resisted the changes due to concerns over job security and increased reliance on automation. Despite these challenges, the company implemented a comprehensive training program, which equipped employees with the skills needed to utilise the new technology effectively. This initiative resulted in a $30\%$ increase in operational efficiency and improved decision$-$making processes across all departments. TechForward Solutions also prioritised information security as part of its transformation. Recognising the value of the data it manages for its clients, the company introduced a robust cybersecurity framework, including end$-$to$-$end encryption, regular system audits, and employee awareness programs. While these measures significantly reduced the risk of data breaches, the company still faces occasional phishing attacks targeting its employees. Looking ahead, TechForward Solutions plans to further harness the potential of data mining by identifying trends that will allow it to anticipate market shifts and offer innovative solutions to its clients. The company$$s leadership believes that strategically aligning IT investments with business goals will enable it to maintain a competitive edge in the rapidly evolving consulting industry. Source: $($Mawela$,2025)$ SECTION A $[30$ Marks$]$ Answer ALL the questions in this section Question $1(15)$ Using practical examples, describe THREE $(3)$ benefits and TWO $(2)$ risks associated with significant information technology $($IT$)$ investments in organisations. Question $2(15)$ Explain how the periods of information technology $($IT$)$ have impacted modern organisational processes.