Textbook $12\mathrm{.}15\{25$ points$\}$

"Discuss the principles and applications of fluidization in chemical engineering processes. Explain the concept of fluidization, including the transition from fixed bed to fluidized bed behavior, the factors influencing fluidization, and the types of fluidization regimes. Explore the advantages and limitations of fluidized bed reactors in various industrial applications, such as catalytic cracking, gas$-$solid reactions, and biomass conversion. Additionally, analyze the impact of particle properties, bed geometry, and operating conditions on the performance and efficiency of fluidized bed systems, highlighting the key considerations for optimal design and operation in chemical engineering processes."