19. Colleen is a cash basis, calendar year individual taxpayer who has a filing status of "single". Colleen's taxable income for 2019 is $195,000. Colleen's total tax prepayments for 2019 are,$52,000. Colleen has no tax credits and owes no other taxes that are filed on the form 1040, Using the tax table below: Single Taxable Income (Form 1040 Line 10) Tax Rate in 2019 S82,501 SI57,500 $157,501 $200,000 $14,089.50 plus 24% of the amount over $82.500 $32.089.50 plus 32% of the amount over $157,500 (a) Determine Colleen's "gross tax liability" for 2019? (b) Determine Colleen's "additional tax due or net tax refund" for 2019? (c) What is Colleen's "marginal tax rate" for 2019? (d) What is Colleen's "effective tax rate" for 2019? 20. (a) Given the same facts as n #19 above and assuming that Colleen wants to minimize her total tax liability, would she prefer a 20% refundable tax credit or a 100% deduction for (toward) adjusted gross income for a 2019, $2,000 annual expenditure for child care? (b) Answer the question posed in part (a) above, but assume that Colleen's taxable income for 2019 is $24,000. Would your answer in part (a) be different? 21. Tom, Dick, and Harry are partners in a partnership. They share profits in the ratio of Tom, 40%; Dick, 25%, and Harry, 35%. During 2019, this partnership reported $300,000 of income that is subject to income taxes on some basis. Also, on the last day of 2019, Tom withdrew $90,000 of cash from the company. (a) How much taxable income will this partnership report and pay taxes on? (b) How much taxable income from this partnership will Tom include on his 2019 individual tax return?