The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is about 1.5 x 1041 m, whereas the average distance between the Earth and Mars is about 2.3 x 1012 m. Assume the usual convention that the gravitational potential energy referenced to the Earth is zero when infinitely far away. (a) What is the gravitational potential energy of the Earth-Sun system? (b) What is the gravitational potential energy of the Earth-Mars system? (c) Describe how these values indicate that the Sun has a greater effect on the Earth's motion than Mars does. What is the most dominant factor that causes the Sun to have the greater effect?One type of toy car contains a spring that is compressed as the wheels are rolled backward along a surface. The spring remains compressed until the wheels are freed and the car is allowed to roll forward. Jose learns that if he rolls the car backward for a greater distance (up to a certain point), the car will go faster when he releases it. The spring compresses 1.00 cm for every 10.0 cm the car is rolled backward. (a) Assuming the spring constant is 146.0 N/m, what is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring when Jose rolls the car backward 18.0 cm? (b) What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring when he rolls the car backward 45.5 cm? (c) Explain the correlation between the results for parts (a) and (b) and Jose's observations of different speeds