the characters $($lower case a to z$),$ numbers $0$ to $9$ and other special characters like space, tabs and punctuation marks$)$ have to be converted from $8$ bits to $6$ bits. each character is presented by using only $6$ bits instead of the usual $8$ bits UnidentifiedUnidentifiedUnidentified

these $6$ bits are then concatenated together

if the total number of bits is not divisible by $8,$ the remaining bits are filled with zeros

to have no ambiguity, the encoding should start with a specific bit pattern$(000001)$ instead of $000000$

a is for example $000001$

implement the code using a vector