The construction supervisor can and does have a significant impact on his or her crew efforts and

overall project productivity. Some supervisors attempt to lead using one of the following approaches:

Authoritative and directing: This supervisor does no actual construction work. Instead, they give

orders and monitor performance.

Free rein: This type of supervisor empowers his or her workers to make their own decisions. The

supervisor provides the overall di$-$ reaction but leaves it up to the crew members to set goals and

monitor themselves.

Participative: This supervisor jumps in the trench and works with the workers while also managing

the workers. In effect, he or she becomes a working supervisor and splits their time between working

with tools and managing.

Discuss the benefits and disadvantages of each of these approaches to supervising.