The data set HEARTFAILUREPREDICTION looks at several variables that play a role in heart failure prediction for 918 people in the United States. (For the curious, this set of open data can be found at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/fedesoriano/heart-failure-prediction .)Columns found in the dataset include Sex: sex of the patient [M: Male, F: Female] and RestingECG: resting electrocardiogram results [Normal: Normal, ST: having ST-T wave abnormality (T wave inversions and/or ST elevation or depression of > 0.05 mV), LVH: showing probable or definite left ventricular hypertrophy by Estes' criteria]. We wish to investigate the relationship between gender and resting ECG. The following summarizes the joint frequency distribution.

	Resting ECG
Gender	LVH	Normal	ST	Total
F	47	118	28	193
M	141	434	150	725
Total	188	552	178	918

At the 10% significance level, does the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that an association exists between gender and resting ECG? Include all steps of your hypothesis test, and make sure to justify your assumptions. (8 marks)

4

What do you conclude about how gender and resting ECG are associated by examining the cell contributions to the test statistic? (2 marks)