The equitable maxim "substance over form" would best be described by which of the following examples?

Multiple Choice

Raul filed his lawsuit seeking an injunction in district court, but it was dismissed because he filed too late.

Dugan worked for ABC Corp, which treated him exactly like an employee but called him an outside contractor and did not pay him benefits. The court ruled that Dugan was entitled to benefits and ordered ABC to classify Dugan as an employee.

Stanley made a motion to the court to deny the equitable remedy that Roger was seeking against him, because Roger had intentionally misrepresented several things in their dealings with one another.

Gracie sought specific performance against XYZ Corp to have provide her with the company car which was promised to her, but then XYZ entered evidence that Gracie had embezzled from them and the court denied her request.