The following additional information is available for the variable overhead costs :

Presented is an abbreviated performance report for the month of November: Actual Budget Variance Units 7,400 6,600 Costs:

Direct materials $42,000 $ 35,000 $ 7,000 U

Direct labor 162,500 145,000 17,500 U

Variable factory overhead 185,000 150,000 35,000 U

Fixed factory overhead 107,000 115,000 8,000 F

Total costs $496,500 $445,000 $51,500 U Standard cost per unit of product 3 liters of raw materials @ $15 per liter Actual use of raw materials was 19,000 liters and actual variable overhead was $280,000 The variable overhead spending and variable overhead efficiency variances are: a. $10,000 F spending and $24,000 U efficiency b. $48,000 F spending and $5,000 F efficiency c. $5,000 F spending and $63,000 U efficiency d. $5,000 F spending and $48,000 F efficiency