the following

Ask the client to read Snellen's chart; check visual fields by confrontation, and conduct an ophthalmoscopic examination. Cranial Nerve III--Oculomotor Assess six ocular movements and pupil reaction. Cranial Nerve IV-Trochlear Assess six ocular movements. Cranial Nerve V-Trigeminal While the client looks upward, lightly touch the lateral sclera of the eye to elicit the blink reflex. To test light sensation, have the client close eyes, and wipe a wisp of cotton over client's forehead and paranasal sinuses. To test deep sensation, use alternating blunt and sharp ends of a safety pin over the same area. Cranial Nerve VI-Abducens Assess direction gauze. Cranial Nerve VII-Facial Ask the client to smile, raise the eyebrows, frown, puff out cheeks, and close eyes tightly. Ask the client to identify various tastes placed on the tip and sides of tongue-sugar, salt-and to identify areas of taste. Cranial Nerve VIII-Auditory Assess the client's ability to hear the spoken word and the vibrations of a tuning fork. Cranial Nerve IX-Glossopharyngeal Apply tastes on the posterior tongue for identification. Ask the client to move tongue from side to side and up and down. Cranial Nerve X-Vagus Assessed with CN IX; assess the client's speech for hoarseness. Cranial Nerve XI-Accessory Ask the client to shrug shoulders against resistance from your hands and to turn head to the side against resistance from your hand. Repeat for the other side. Cranial Nerve XII-Hypoglossal Ask the client to protrude tongue at midline, then move it side to side