The following correlation matrix is from Dr. Irwin's study on lesbian-identified women in the South. Research has shown that lesbians who are out to more people in their families and friendship networks are less likely to suffer from depression. We are interested if a woman's self-esteem impacts this relationship. Outness is an interval-ratio scale with higher values indicated being more out. Depression is measured with an interval-ratio scale with higher values indicating more symptoms of depression. Self-esteem is also an interval-ratio scale with higher values indicating a better self-esteem. The following are the zero-order correlations (all correlations are significant):

Outness (X)

Depression (Y)

Self-Esteem (Z)

Outness (X)

1.00

-0.145

0.177

Depression (Y)

1.00

-0.717

Self-Esteem (Z)

1.00

Calculate the partial correlation for the relationship of outness (X) and depression (Y) while controlling for Self-Esteem (Z). Is there a direct relationship between outness and depression?