The following should be written in Linux codes or command:

Q11 Go to the mammals directory. Specify the command that permits the owner and the other members to read and execute the file cat, while removing all privileges from the group.

Q12 Specify a command that removes all privileges from anyone but the owner of the file cat.

Q13 Specify a single line command that gives the owner and the group permission to execute the file cat, while giving the owner sole permission to read and write the file. Remove permission of others to execute.

Q14 Specify a single line command that gives the owner and group permission to execute the file cat while giving the owner sole permission to read and write the file. Do not change any other permission, i.e., do not remove permission from others to execute the file, if they already have that permission.

Q15 File/directory permissions are subject to permissions of the parent directories. For example, consider the file /home/dv35/cs265/lab1.txt. If I wanted to allow others to read that file, then I would give 644 permission to the lab1.txt file, so that the group and others have read permission on that file, white the owner has read/write permissions. But that would not be enough. Each directory in the path must have appropriate permissions too. The home directory /home already has 755 permissions. Use the command

ls -ld /home

to verify. What permissions do we need to give to /home/dv35 and /home/dv35/cs265 directories, so others have permission to visit it?