The force from the five forces model that considers economies of scale, initial capital requirements, cost advantages relevant to company size, and lack of brand loyalty is the ________. *

A) bargaining power of suppliers

B) threat of new entrants

C) threat of substitute products or services

D) rivalry among companies competing

The maturity stage of product life cycle is ________. *

A) a stage where a product's price is at a high level

B) usually the shortest stage in a product's lifetime

C) characterized by steep decline in profits

D) typically followed by a growth stage

E) a stage where firms have to win sales away from others

Which of the following pricing strategies has stimulation of sales as a higher priority than maximization of profits? *

A) Price fixing

B) Penetration pricing

C) Price skimming

D) Price pointing

E) Price lining

Which of the following is not a question to ask to evaluate an industry? *

A) How sparse is the industry?

B) How large is the industry?

C) How fast is it growing?

D) What threats does the industry face