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Define Data Collection instruments and provide reference not older than five years. Then, show the difference between questionnaire and interview. State the adopted choice for the study between the two instruments and provide justification for its adoption.

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Data Collection Instrument: Interviews

Interviews are data collection tools commonly used in research and survey methods. They involve a face-to-face or virtual conversation between the interviewer (researcher) and the interviewee (participant).

The purpose of the interviews is to gather rich and in-depth information, allowing researchers to explore different perspectives, experiences, and attitudes.

Interviews can be structured or unstructured, depending on the goals of the researcher.

Structured interviews use a planned set of questions while unstructured interviews encourage open-ended responses. In both cases, the interviews allowed participants to freely express themselves and provide insights.

Gather detailed personal accounts from small business owners about their experiences during the pandemic with interviews

To gather detailed personal accounts from small, medium and micro business (SMME) owners about their experiences during the pandemic, conducting interviews can be an effective method.

Here's how to do it with the data collection tool:

Plan the interview

Create a framework for the interview, including a set of common topics or questions to explore. This will serve as a road map in the chat.

Recruitment participants:

Tag small business owners who have been impacted by the pandemic and are willing to share their stories. You can contact professional networks, industry associations or use online platforms to find suitable participants.

Obtain informed consent:

Before starting the interview, make sure that the participants understand the purpose, nature and confidentiality of the study.

Obtain their consent to record the interview, if applicable, and ensure their confidentiality.

Conducted interviews:

Set aside an hour for the interview, preferably in a comfortable and private setting.

Start with an introduction so that participants feel comfortable. Use the prepared framework to guide the conversation, but also allow participants to freely share their experiences and perspectives.

Listen actively and ask follow-up questions to dig deeper into specific areas of interest.

Record the interview:

With the consent of the participants, use a tape recorder or other appropriate means to accurately record the conversation. This record will allow for further analysis later.

Transcription and data analysis:

Transcriptive transcription of interview recordings, recording all answers and details. Next, analyse the copied data, identifying themes, patterns, and similarities between stories.

This analysis will help draw meaningful conclusions and insights from the information gathered.

Maintain confidentiality:

Throughout the study, assure participants that their answers will be kept completely confidential.

Anonymize data by specifying a pseudonym or using a unique identifier instead of a participant's real name.

By following these steps, interviews can provide invaluable qualitative data, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the experiences and challenges