The Inverted Triangle Approach is a model introduced in the text that theorizes that health disparities measured by mortality and morbidity are a function of five $$causes$.$ Which item or items listed below would be considered as$,$ or part of$,$ a causal variable? $($Level $3)$

Group of answer choices

a$.$ Living below the federal poverty level.

b$.$ religious beliefs

c$.$ living in a low$-$income.

d$.$ living near a processing plant.

e$.$ a and b only

f$.$ b and c only

g$.$ a and d only

h$.$ a$,$ b$,$ c$,$ & d

i$.$ None of the above.