The loT system can function and transfer information online only when devices are safely connected to a communication network.

What makes such a connection possible? The invisible language allowing physical objects to "talk" to each other consists of IoT standards and protocols. General protocols used for personal computers, smartphones, or tablets may not suit the specific requirements $($bandwidth$,$ range, power consumption$)$ of loT$-$based solutions. That is why multiple loT network protocols have been developed, and new ones are still evolving.

$3\mathrm{.}1$ With regards to the above article, critically discuss the Five Types of IoT Networks and the Requirements for these Networks. $(20$ Marks$)$