Question: The main difference between manipulation of an independent variable and observation of naturally occurring variations in an independent variable is that naturally occurring variations provide

The main difference between manipulation of an independent variable and observation of naturally occurring variations in an independent variable is that

naturally occurring variations provide more persuasive evidence of a causal relationship involving the independent variable.

manipulation provides more persuasive evidence of a causal relationship involving the independent variable.

manipulation is typically done in artificial laboratory settings, whereas observation of naturally occurring variations can be done in schools.

manipulation requires the involvement of fewer research participants than observation of naturally occurring variations.

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