The most common method of passing and ratifying an amendment to the Constitution is passage

in both houses of Congress by a two$-$thirds vote, followed by a majority vote in three$-$fourths of the state legislature.

in both houses of Congress by a two$-$thirds vote, followed by ratification by three$-$fourths of the state supreme courts.

by a constitutional convention, called by three$-$fourths of the states.

by the initiative process in three$-$fourths of the states and unanimous approval by the Supreme Court.