The producer and consumer ring buffer problem that you ran for assignment $4$ would, from time to time, encounter a test run that resulted in a deadlock. When the control script completed a series of test runs it would print out the number of deadlocks that occurred during the testing. How could a deadlock happen with this code $?$

the producer would wait for space on a full RB $($Ring Buffer$),$ while all consumers were waiting on an empty RB

the system ran out of physical memory to povide to the producer

a single consumer was waiting on an empty RB while the producer was still running

the producer was waiting for a consumer to make a space in specific RB while consumers were accessing other RBs