The two common programming methods in practice today are

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and$$

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$$programming is centered around functions or procedures.

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$$programming is centered around objects.

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$$is an object's ability to contain and manipulate its own data.

In C$++,$ the

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$$is the construct primarily used to create objects.

A class is very similar to a$($n$)$

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A$($n$)$

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$$specifier$$is a keyword inside a class declaration that establishes a member's accessibility.

The default access specification of class members is

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$.$

The default access specification of a struct in C$++$ is

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Defining a class object is often called the

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$$of a class.

Members of a class object may be accessed through a pointer to the object by using the

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$$operator$.$

If you were writing the declaration of a class named Canine, you would name the file it was stored in

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If you were writing the external definitions of the Canine class's member functions, you would save them in a file named

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When a member function's body is written inside a class declaration, the function is

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A$($n$)$

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$$is automatically called when an object is created.

A$($n$)$

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$$is a member function with the same name as the class.

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$$are useful for performing initialization or setup routines in a class object.

Constructors cannot have a$($n$)$

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$$type$.$

A$($n$)$

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$$constructor is one that requires no arguments.

A$($n$)$

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$$is a member function that is automatically called when an object is destroyed.

A destructor has the same name as the class, but is preceded by a$($n$)$

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$$character$.$

Like constructors, destructors cannot have a$($n$)$

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$$type$.$

A constructor whose arguments all have default values is a$($n$)$

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$$constructor$.$

A class may have more than one constructor, as long as each has a different

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list.

A class may only have one default

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and one$$

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A$($n$)$

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$$list$$may be used to pass arguments to the constructors of elements in an object array.