The two major parties make it more difficult for third parties to achieve electoral success by

The two major parties make it more difficult for third parties to achieve electoral success by

blocking their access to professional consultants

banning them from receiving PAC funding

threatening them with violence and negative press

requiring many signatures in order to appear on the ballot

2.

This describes candidates promoting themselves as opposed to party organizations.

This describes candidates promoting themselves as opposed to party organizations.

personalized politics

partisanship

a factional split

candidate-centered politics