The UPS ORION (On-Road Integrated Optimization and Navigation) system reduces delivery miles and fuel and sets the stage for enhanced customer service. The system not only reduces the overall delivery cost, it is also a great move toward sustainability. ORION saves about 1.5 million gallons of fuel per year and, as a result, the emission of carbon dioxide has reduced by 14,000 metric tons per year. In order to challenge the system and further improve the algorithm, UPS invited its most experienced drivers to try to "beat the system." UPS driver Tim Ahn says, 7 get options that I would have actually never thought of before. It's a new way of thinking to make me more efficient." According to Chuck Holland, vice president of Industrial Engineering at UPS, it takes about six days to train a driver to work with ORION. Typically, ORION can save six to eight miles for each driver, although some drivers still outperform the systeml ORION is currently deployed throughout the United States for route planning. Another algorithm used by UPS provides predictive maintenance that has helped the company reduce its vehicle maintenance expenses by approximately 15 percent, In 2018, UPS introduced UPSNav, which is a major upgrade to ORION. UPSNav optimizes entire routes, providing tum-by. tum directions to loading docks and other delivery and pickup locations which are sometimes hard to find. UPSNav is loaded to a DIAD (Delivery information Acquisition Device), which is in its fifth generation now. DIAD is mounted to the driver s dashboard for hands-free operation and displays a map showing drivers where to turn. UPSNav teduces miles driven, fuer consumed, and carbon emissions and at the same time allows UPS to offer better service to its customers. The system includes 250 million tocations from ORION's map and allows drivers and other UPS stalf to quickly update maps If a delivery or pickup point changes. UPSNav is able to dynamically adjust and update throughout the day to recalculate routes, consideting factors like changing traffic conditions, weather conditions, and the remaining deliveries and pick-up requests. The new tool has been particularly useful for drivers who were new to their foutes, but every driver has seen improvements. According to Jack Levs, senior program director at UPS, tour divers now have the best suite of route optimization and nivigation technologies in the industry." 1. What are three advantages of using ORION at UPS? 2. How is this system helping UPS to become more sustainable? 3. What are two improvements as the result of the UPSNaV upgrade? 4. How might UPS continue to improve this system? What next steps might the company take