The xor operator will toggle the bit if the bit is xored with $1.$ Ex: $1$ XOR $0=1,1$ XOR $1=0.$

The xor operator will retain the bit if the bit is xored with $0.$ Ex: $0$ XOR $0=0,0$ XOR $1=1.$

Assign newBits with the opposite values of oldBits if flipBits is true. Ex: If oldBits $=[1,1,0,1]$ and flipBits is $1,$ then newBits $=[0,0,1,0]$