There are essentially two aspects of data management: data definition and data manipulation. Data definition is operationalized by way of data definition languages (DDL). Data manipulation undergoes operation via data manipulation languages (DML). That explained, the standard language for data management in relational databases is the Structure Query Language (SQL). Several versions of SQL have been issued over the years, and using these standards many manufacturers have produced their own versions of SQL, which, for the most part, are quite similar, at least at the level at which we are concerned. Based on your reading assignment, please respond to all of the following prompts:

Relational Data Retrieval – Structured Query Language (SQL):

• Discuss the four basic manipulative operations that must be performed on data stored in any DBMS.
• Discuss some concepts of the relational query optimizer.
• Discuss a strategy for writing SQL SELECT statements.