Thirty$-$five$-$year$-$old Samuel earns $$36,000$ a year. He's healthy and financially stable. His employer does not offer a pension plan or a defined contribution plan, so he decides to wait to invest any money towards his retirement.

Is Samuel's decision productive? Why or why not?

It is productive because the latest trends show that pension plans are on the rise and his company might choose to offer one soon.

It is not productive because he is very close to retirement age and needs to maximize his required savings rate.

It is productive because he can take advantage of his company's matching contributions while he waits.

It is not productive because given his good health and financial status, he should take advantage of investing early toward retirement.