This entity allows a qualifying business to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes, thereby avoiding double taxation associated with C corporations.

Answer for prompt $12$ This entity allows a qualifying business to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes, thereby avoiding double taxation associated with C corporations.

Prompt $13$An expense is deductible for book purposes in the current period but is not deductible for tax until a future period.

Answer for prompt $13$ An expense is deductible for book purposes in the current period but is not deductible for tax until a future period.

Prompt $14$Lengsfield v$.$ Comm., $57-1$ USTC $9437($CA$-5,1957)$

Answer for prompt $14$ Lengsfield v$.$ Comm., $57-1$ USTC $9437($CA$-5,1957)$

Prompt $15$The government may grant a temporary tax exemption.