Tim Hortons is an established business whose dominant focus is on productivity and profits. Environmental flexibility and human resources are not a major focus of the organization. Rather, Tim Hortons focuses on stability and equilibrium over learning and innovation as it strives towards maximizing profitability and organization efficiencies. In the competing$-$values approach to effectiveness it is evident that the primary emphasis is on:

a$.$

human relations and internal process emphasis

b$.$

human relations and rational goal emphasis

c$.$

internal$-$process and open$-$systems emphasis

d$.$

rational$-$goal and internal$-$process emphasis

e$.$

rational$-$goal and open$-$systems emphasis