Time$-$based process mapping include series of stages. In particular, value$-$adding time is characterized using several criteria, including:

Whether the change to the item is something that the customer values or cares about and is willing to pay for. All of them. Whether the process is right the first time, but will have to be changed later in order to produce the desired result that is valued by the customer. Whether the process physically transforms the material that forms the final products of that process.