To demonstrate flavor aversion learning (that is, learning to dislike a flavor that is associated with becoming sick), researchers gave one group of laboratory rats an injection of lithium chloride immediately following consumption of saccharin-flavored water. Lithium chloride makes rats feel sick. A second control group was not made sick after drinking the flavored water. The next day, both groups were allowed to drink saccharin-flavored water. The amounts consumed (in milliliters) for both groups during this test are given below.

Amount Consumed by Rats That Amount Consumed by Controlled

Were Made Sick (n=4) Rats (n=4)

1 8

5 8

4 12

3 11

(a) Test whether or not consumption of saccharin-flavored water differed between groups using a 0.05 level of significance. State the value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

___________________

State the decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis.

A. Retain the null hypothesis.

B. Reject the null hypothesis.

(b) Compute effect size using eta-squared (²). (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

²=________________