TOPIC : Computer Architectures - Memory Hierarchy

Please read the question properly first before just copying the solutions blatantly from other chegg solves that is for different questions. This is the second time im posting because of this happened. I will upvote you if its done correctly. Thank you so much in advance.

1. Suppose, we have a direct cache with a size of 16 blocks and each block can hold 1 word and the memory address is 32-bit and is initially empty. Now below is a list the 32-bit memory addresses that the processor wants to access provided in decimal: 2, 3, 170, 45, 7,196, 189, 191, 215,172, 45, 187, 254 Now answer the following questions: A. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct-mapped cache with 16 one-word blocks. Also mention if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. Show all the accesses in a tabular manner where the table contains index, valid bit, tag field and data field. [7 Marks] B. Calculate the Hit Ratio and Miss Ratio for provided memory access. [2 marks] C. Calculate the total number of bits required for the cache listed above, assuming a 32-bit address. [1.5 Mark] D. Calculate the size of the cache. (1.5 Marks]