; Towers of Hanoi program

;

; This program prompts the user to input the number of disks, starting pole, and ending pole

; and then prints the sequence of moves to solve the Towers of Hanoi problem using recursion.

; Assembler: Borland TASM $3\mathrm{.}0$

; File Name: project.asm

; Input: Number of disks, starting pole, ending pole

; Output: Sequence of moves to solve the Towers of Hanoi

; Procedures called: External procedures called: FROM iofar.lib: PutStr, PutCrLf, GetDec, PutDec

; Internal procedures called: Greet, Hanoi, InputDisks

;

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DOSSEG

$.$

$186$

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model large

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stack $200$h

; Main program data segment

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data

; Define data segment

NumDisks dw $?$

StartPole dw $?$

EndPole dw $?$

Prompt$1$ db 'Enter the number of disks $(3-7)$: $$\text{'}$

Prompt$2$ db 'Enter the starting pole $(1-3)$: $$\text{'}$

Prompt$3$ db 'Enter the ending pole $(1-3)$: $$\text{'}$

InvalidMsg db 'Invalid input! Starting and ending poles must be different.$$\text{'}$

MoveMsg db 'Move disk $$\text{'}$

FromMsg db 'from pole $$\text{'}$

ToMsg db $\text{'}$to pole $$\text{'}$

; Define code segment

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code

ProgramStart PROC ; Initialize data segment

mov ax$,$ @data

mov ds$,$ ax ; Call Greet procedure

call Greet

; Input number of disks

call InputDisks

; Call the Hanoi procedure with the input parameters

push NumDisks

push StartPole

push EndPole

call Hanoi

; Exit to the operating system

mov ax$,4$C$00$h

int $21$h

ProgramStart ENDP

; Procedure to input number of disks and poles

InputDisks PROC

InputDisksStart:

; Input number of disks

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Prompt$1$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call GetDec

mov NumDisks, ax

cmp ax$,3$

jl InvalidInput

cmp ax$,7$

jg InvalidInput

; Input starting pole

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Prompt$2$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call GetDec

mov StartPole, ax

cmp ax$,1$

jl InvalidInput

cmp ax$,3$

jg InvalidInput

; Input ending pole

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Prompt$3$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call GetDec

mov EndPole, ax

cmp ax$,1$

jl InvalidInput

cmp ax$,3$

jg InvalidInput

cmp ax$,$ StartPole

je InvalidInput

ret

InvalidInput:

; Print error message

mov dx$,$ OFFSET InvalidMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

jmp InputDisksStart

InputDisks ENDP

; Procedure to solve Towers of Hanoi recursively

Hanoi PROC

; Save registers on the stack

pusha

pushf

; Set up bp register to point to parameters

mov bp$,$ sp

; If NumDisks is $1,$ print the move

mov ax$,[$bp $+4]$ ; NumDisks

cmp ax$,1$

jne RecursiveCall

; Print the move

mov dx$,$ OFFSET MoveMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+4]$ ; NumDisks

call PutDec

mov dx$,$ OFFSET FromMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+6]$ ; StartPole

call PutDec

mov dx$,$ OFFSET ToMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+8]$ ; EndPole

call PutDec

call PutCrLf

jmp EndHanoi

RecursiveCall:

; Recursive call: Hanoi$($NumDisks $-1,$ StartPole, $6-$ StartPole $-$ EndPole$)$

mov ax$,[$bp $+4]$ ; NumDisks

dec ax ; NumDisks $-1$

push ax

mov ax$,[$bp $+6]$ ; StartPole

push ax

mov ax$,6$

sub ax$,[$bp $+6]$ ; StartPole

sub ax$,[$bp $+8]$ ; EndPole

push ax

call Hanoi

; Print the move

mov dx$,$ OFFSET MoveMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+4]$ ; NumDisks

call PutDec

mov dx$,$ OFFSET FromMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+6]$ ; StartPole

call PutDec

mov dx$,$ OFFSET ToMsg

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

mov ax$,[$bp $+8]$ ; EndPole

call PutDec

call PutCrLf

; Recursive call: Hanoi$($NumDisks $-1,6-$ StartPole $-$ EndPole, EndPole$)$

mov ax$,[$bp $+4]$ ; NumDisks

dec ax ; NumDisks $-1$

push ax

mov ax$,6$

sub ax$,[$bp $+6]$ ; StartPole

sub ax$,[$bp $+8]$ ; EndPole

push ax

mov ax$,[$bp $+8]$ ; EndPole

push ax

call Hanoi

EndHanoi:

; Restore registers from stack

popf

popa

; Return to caller module

ret $12$

Hanoi ENDP

; Procedure to print initial greeting messages to the user

Greet PROC

; Print greeting messages

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Msg$1$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call PutCrLf

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Msg$2$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call PutCrLf

mov dx$,$ OFFSET Msg$3$

mov ah$,9$

int $21$h

call PutCrLf

ret

Greet ENDP

; Data segment

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data

Msg$1$ db 'Program: Towers of Hanoi$$\text{'}$

Msg$2$ db 'Programmer:$$\text{'}$

Msg$3$ db 'Date:$$\text{'}$

; Code segment

$.$

code

END ProgramStart

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