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Exercise 1: TRUE If the statements agree with the information FALSE If the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this a/ PASSAGE 1: We take it for granted that for a handful of change and a trip to a local shop we can get a newspaper. However, the press in its modern form has only existed for a little over 300 years. Bulletins ST8VWm917Sah containing government announcements existed in ancient Rome and China, but the concept of regular, if not daily, papers for updates on wider news events developed initially in the Netherlands dinings - Writing from the middle of the seventeenth century, reaching the UK and the USA by the start of the eighteenth. The Daily Courant, established then, was the first newspaper in the UK, and ran for 33 years until it merged with the Daily Gazetter in 1735. o O 1/ People expect to buy newspapers cheaply and easily.Na An o 2/ Newspapers are more popular today than in the past. F A gro 3/ Ancient Romans knew little of the outside world. o An up A dout 4/ The first modern newspapers were printed in China. T A trebl 5/ Newspapers appeared in the UK in the early 1700s. A boom 6/ The Daily Courant is still published today. A surge b/ PASSAGE 2: A decreas decline URBAN HEAT all op In 1818, Luke Howard published The Climate of Large cities around the world are adopting London in which he identified an emerging strategies to combat this issue and it is not nwar problem: urban development was having a direct tion uncommon to find plants growing on top of impact on the local weather. The early 1800s was a roofs or down the walls of large buildings. In time of great expansion for London and Howard Singapore, the government has pledged to noticed that temperatures in the city were gradually transform it into a 'city within a garden' and, in becoming higher than those in rural areas. Modern 2006, they held an international competition scientists refer to these areas as Urban Heat calling for entries to develop a master plan to Islands. The difference in temperature is usually help bring this about. One outcome was the greater at night and the phenomenon occurs in both creation of 18 'Supertrees'. These metal winter and summer. Experts agree that this is due constructions are made to resemble very tall to urban development when open green spaces are trees and range in height from 25m to 50m. replaced with asphalt roads and tall brick or Each one is a vertical freestanding garden and concrete buildings. These materials retain heat is home to exotic plants and ferns. Their generated by the Sun and release it through the structure allowed the designers to create an night. In Atlanta, in the US, this has even led to immediate rainforest canopy without having to thunderstorms occurring in the morning rather wait for trees to reach such heights. They than, as is more common, in the afternoon. contain solar panels used to light the trees at Officials there are advising builders to use light- night and also containers to collect rainwater, colored roofs in a bid to reduce the problem. making them truly self-sufficient. 1/ When Luke Howard first noticed the phenomenon, he decided to use the term 'Urban Heat Island'. 2/ City temperatures are higher than country temperatures regardless of the season. 3/ Experts have failed in their efforts to create heat-reflecting concrete and brick. 4/ Atlanta has experienced more dramatic weather change than other areas of the US. 5/ Roofs that are dark in colour help address the issue of Urban Heat Islands. 6/ Singapore's Supertrees are made entirely from natural materials. 7/ The designers of the Supertrees originally planned to plant very tall trees. 8/ The Supertrees don't require regular maintenance