Transportation engineering constitutes a multidisciplinary field within civil engineering, encompassing the planning, design, and operation of transportation systems to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of people and goods. Delve into the fundamental principles of transportation planning and demand forecasting, including traffic flow theory, travel behavior analysis, and modal choice modeling. Discuss the role of transportation infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and airports, in shaping urban development and economic growth, and examine strategies for mitigating traffic congestion and improving mobility through measures like traffic signal optimization and public transit expansion. Furthermore, explore the integration of emerging technologies, such as intelligent transportation systems $($ITS$)$ and autonomous vehicles, in reshaping the future of transportation engineering and enhancing the sustainability and resilience of transportation networks.