True/False (explain your reasoning):

1. The CAPM predicts that a(alpha) can be zero or positive, but it should never be negative, otherwise the SML is not well defined;

2. According to Arbitrage Pricing Theory, there cannot be arbitrage if we can construct tracking portfolios with the same loadings of the original securities present in the market;

3. Arbitrage Pricing Theory does not make assumption about investors preferences and endowments;

4. No arbitrage implies that we cannot make profits in the market (legally or illegally)