Ture/ False (4 points/each, total 20 points)

1, 3PL logistics These providers not only provide a broader scope of services to their clients and customers, but typically may be more strategically involved than 4PLs would be.

2. Strategic procurement solutions should be considered when there are significant expenditures with external suppliers, expenditure should also be broken down into several categories and arranged in descending order to identify the highest dollar expenditure.

3. Since companies want to make the product package more attractive by using brand-new materials, sustainability is a least consideration in choosing packaging with recyclable and reusable materials for outer and inner packaging.

4. Balancing Supply and Demand is the essence of demand management; the purpose is to estimate and manage customer demand and use this information to make operating decisions.

5. Almost all forecasts will be wrong. Some forecasts will be higher than demand, and some will be lower. The key to successful forecasting is to choose the technique that provides the least amount of forecast error.