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1. (40 Points) Comparing protocols. Consider the following time diagram of transmissions in a shared medium. All frames have the same size (=4 time units). Assume that the maximum propagation delay is negligible (e.g., one hundredth of the frame's transmission time). There are 4 nodes that want to transmit frames M1, M2, M3, M4, respectively. Those frames arrive from upper layers at times indicated by the arrows. When frames are shown on top of each other, this means that they are transmitted simultaneously. Frames transmitted M M, M2 M4 M M M4 M 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 time M3 Mi M4 frames arriving from upper layers M2 (a) Can these transmissions have been generated by a Pure Aloha protocol? (b) Can these transmissions have been generated by a Slotted Aloha protocol? (c) Can these transmissions have been generated by CSMA? (d) Can these transmissions have been generated by CSMA/CD? (e) Can these transmissions have been generated by an algorithm with exp. backoff