Under a $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_,$ each partner fully and actively participates in managing the alliance. The partners run the alliance, and their managers regularly pass on instructions and details to the alliance$$s managers. This type of agreement requires a high level of coordination and near$-$perfect agreement between the participating partners. An example of this type of joint venture management is that used by Coca$-$Cola and Danone to distribute Coke$$s Minute Maid orange juice in Europe and Latin America. The joint venture combines Danone$$s distribution network and production facilities $$ Danone supplies between $15\%$ and $30\%$ of the dairy products sold by supermarkets in these countries $$ with the Minute Maid brand name.

Proxy Arrangements

Assigned Arrangements

Delegated arrangements

Shared management agreement