Under defined contribution plans, _______________ the employee receives the benefit of all positive investment returns and bears the risk of all unfavorable results. the employer receives the benefit of all positive investment returns and bears the risk of all unfavorable results. the employee and the employer both receive the benefit of all positive investment returns and bear the risk of all unfavorable results. neither the employee nor the employer receives the benefit of all positive investment returns and bear the risk of all unfavorable results