Understanding the Term "Systems Thinking": Similarities and Differences My definition of systems thinking is that it involves observing problems within the context of an integrated system and not reacting to individual pieces or events. It involves observing patterns, interrelations, and feedback mechanisms that impact outcomes in the long term. This is consistent with Carey et al. (2020), who describe systems thinking as a way of understanding public health issues within the context of the bigger system and creating interventions that target causes rather than symptoms. The congruence here is the shared focus on uncovering underlying patterns and relationships. The one difference is that Carey et al. highlight the use of precise tools and techniques, such as system dynamics modeling and causal loop diagrams, which add technical richness to my definition that it did not have initially. Application of Systems Thinking in Public Health Decision-Making Systems thinking can inform public health practice by allowing practitioners to understand the bigger picture of health issues. It allows them to visualize leverage points, predict unintended consequences, and develop more sustainable and effective interventions. As they study how components affect each other in a system, public health practitioners can move beyond cause-and-effect linear models to more holistic and dynamic strategie