UNIT$-4-$CH$-15-$Q$2$

Society and Depression

Depression is an extremely common problem in the United States, affecting $10\%$ of the population in U$.$S$..$ A mental disorder is a wide range of conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behaviour. Disruption in a person's behavior that reflects malfunction in psychological, biological, or developmental processes is what defines a mental disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. DSM$-5$ provides symptoms and diagnostic criteria for various mental health conditions. Mental disorder disrupts a person's work in areas such as relationships and work. Mental disorders impact physical health, leading to various diseases and conditions like diabetes, cancer, changes in sleep, obesity, fatigue, and many more. Sadness, hopelessness, loss of interest in activities, and a variety of emotional and physical issues are all symptoms of depression.$$

Cultural Factors reflecting Depression Rates in the United States:

The higher rates of depression in the U$.$S$.$ represents itself globally, which is not good, as it affected several cultural factors, in both positive and negative ways.

Consumerism and Materialism:

Consumerism refers to a societal model in which individuals are encouraged to purchase goods to be economically desirable. Materialism is the belief that acquiring and owning materialistic things is a primary source of happiness instead of intellectual or spiritual things. Expectations to acquire more materialistic things like latest technology, luxury products, or fashionable clothing when you are financially unstable can lead to depression. For example, people who are addicted to buying the latest gadgets, fashions, or laptops may experience feelings of inadequacy if they are not able to afford those items. Over time, this gap can lead to erode mental health. Financial stress is a significant risk for depression, as it can create a sense of hopelessness or anxiety. Constantly comparing oneself to others can lead to feelings of worthlessness and depression.$$

Social media and digital culture:$$

Social media and digital culture have become integral to modern life, especially in the United States. Social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat are designed to attract users which is achieved through algorithms by showing content they like. Constant culture comparison on social media by watching someone's lives, creates an illusion of perfection which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness. The use of social media can lead to sleep disruption which is a factor for depression. Victims of cyberbullying often experience feelings of isolation which is a risk factor for depression.$$

In conclusion, Social media and digital culture significantly contribute to the rising rates of depression by fostering comparison, FOMO, social isolation and validation$-$seeking.$$

Depression in Indian Culture Compared to the United States:

Having observed aspects of Indian culture and society, it is clear that depression manifests differently in India compared to the United States due to cultural factors and societal values.

Mental health issues, including depression, are often stigmatized in India. My mom being a schizophrenic person, I know very well how stigmatization works in India as being in fear due to being judged, or labelled as $$mentally weak$.$ This factor can lead to depression in India. Unlike in the U$.$S$.,$ where awareness campaigns and advocacy have normalized mental health conditions.

One significant cultural difference is Social Support, traditional Indian culture places a strong emphasis on family and community support. Family members may provide financial, emotional, and practical support during difficult times which leads to mental stability.$$

While depression in India may be less diagnosed, and openly discussed in the U$.$S$.,$ it is no less significant. Cultural factors such as spirituality and family support can act as a protective layer against depression, but stigma, economic pressure, and limited access to mental health resources address significant challenges.$$

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