4) With unemployment low and the inflation rate near the target level, when the coronavirus crisis was first starting, the Fed decided to lower the federal funds rate, which indicated that 4) A) the monetary policy curve shifted upward. B) there was an upward movement along the monetary policy curve. C) the monetary policy curve shifted downward. D) there was a downward movement along the monetary policy curve. 5) When there is a rise in inflation and the central bank does not increase liquidity in the banking system, households and firms would try to increase their money holdings by selling bonds, which would nominal interest rates. Because in the short run inflation expectations are unchanged, nominal and real interest rates move together. This leads to a(n) monetary policy (MP) curve.5) A) lower; upward-sloping C) raise; downward-sloping B) raise; upward-sloping D) lower; downward-sloping