use C$++$ Struct Definitions:

Define a struct, Date, which contains two integers representing the month and the year.

Define a struct, Item, which contains:

a string, name, representing the name of the item.

a double, price, representing the price of the item.

an int, quantity, representing the quantity of the item.

a Date, expirationDate, representing the expiration date of the item.

Functions:

double calculateTotalValue$($const std::vector& items$)$: This function takes a vector of items and returns the total value of the items, calculated by multiplying the price of each item by its quantity.

double findMostExpensiveItem$($const std::vector& items$)$: This function returns the price of the most expensive item in the array.

std::vector filterOutOfStockItems$($const std::vector& items$)$: This function returns a vector containing out$-$of$-$stock $($quantity is $0)$ items.

double calculateNonExpiredValue$($const std::vector& items, const Date& currentDate$)$: This function calculates and returns the total value of the items in the array that are not expired $($expiration date is after the provided date$).$

std::vector filterItemsByPrice$($const std::vector& items, double priceThreshold$)$: This function returns a vector containing all items whose price is less than the priceThreshold parameter.

Example:

Suppose we have an array of items where:

Item $1$:

name: "Apple"

price: $5\mathrm{.}00$

quantity: $10$

expirationDate: $12/2023$

Item $2$:

name: "Banana"

price: $12\mathrm{.}00$

quantity: $0$

expirationDate: $11/2023$

Item $3$:

name: "Cherry"

price: $8\mathrm{.}00$

quantity: $15$

expirationDate: $10/2023$

For the given example:

The calculateTotalValue function should return $170.$

The findMostExpensiveItem function should return $12\mathrm{.}00.$

The filterOutOfStockItems function should return $\{"$Banana$",12\mathrm{.}0,0,\{11,2023\}\}.$

The calculateNonExpiredValue function, if provided with the current date as $09/2023,$ should return $170.$

The filterItemsByPrice function, with a threshold of $10,$ should return items "Apple" and "Cherry".