Use theTornadoesData and your statistical expertise to answer the questions: Is it reasonable to claim that the number of tornadoes in April will affect the number of tornadoes in August?

1. What test/procedure did you perform?

• a. One-sided t-test
• b. Two-sided t-test
• c. Regression
• d. ??Confidence interval

2. What is the relevantP-Value/margin of error?

• a. 1.7981E-05
• b. 8.17505E-06
• c. 4.08753E-06
• d. 0.05370006
• e. ??None of these

3. Statistical Interpretation

• a. SinceP-value is very small we are confident that the tornadoes in April will influence the tornadoes in August.
• b. SinceP-value is not small we cannot claim that the tornadoes in April will influence the tornadoes in August.
• c. SinceP-value is very small we are confident that the average numbers of tornados are different.
• d. ??None of these.

4. Conclusion

• a. Yes, I am confident that the above assertion is reasonable.
• b. No, I cannot claim that the above assertion is reasonable.

Tornadoes and Deaths by Year and Month (1950-1994) Year\tTotal Tornadoes\tTornadoes by Month Total Deaths\tDeaths by Month Jan\tFeb\tMar\tApr\tMay\tJune\tJuly\tAug\tSept\tOct\tNov\tDec Jan\tFeb\tMar\tApr\tMay\tJune\tJuly\tAug\tSept\tOct\tNov\tDec 1950\t201\t7\t20\t21\t15\t61\t28\t23\t13\t3\t2\t4\t4\t70\t1\t45\t1\t12\t2\t6\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t3 1951\t260\t2\t10\t6\t26\t57\t76\t23\t27\t9\t2\t12\t10\t34\t0\t1\t0\t2\t7\t9\t5\t0\t8\t0\t1\t1 1952\t240\t12\t27\t43\t37\t34\t34\t27\t16\t1\t0\t6\t3\t230\t0\t10\t209\t4\t2\t2\t2\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0 1953\t422\t14\t16\t40\t47\t94\t111\t32\t24\t5\t6\t12\t21\t519\t0\t3\t24\t36\t163\t244\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t49 1954\t550\t2\t17\t62\t113\t101\t107\t45\t49\t21\t14\t2\t17\t36\t0\t2\t10\t2\t9\t5\t0\t1\t3\t2\t0\t2 1955\t593\t3\t4\t43\t99\t148\t153\t49\t33\t15\t23\t20\t3\t129\t0\t0\t5\t7\t106\t2\t5\t0\t2\t1\t1\t0 1956\t504\t2\t47\t31\t85\t79\t65\t92\t42\t16\t29\t7\t9\t83\t0\t8\t1\t67\t4\t0\t1\t2\t0\t0\t0\t0 1957\t858\t17\t5\t38\t216\t228\t147\t55\t20\t17\t18\t59\t38\t193\t13\t0\t1\t30\t87\t14\t0\t0\t2\t2\t25\t19 1958\t564\t11\t20\t15\t76\t68\t128\t121\t46\t24\t9\t45\t1\t67\t0\t13\t0\t4\t0\t43\t1\t1\t1\t4\t0\t0 1959\t604\t16\t20\t43\t30\t226\t73\t63\t38\t58\t24\t11\t2\t58\t3\t21\t9\t1\t8\t2\t0\t0\t14\t0\t0\t0 1960\t616\t9\t28\t28\t70\t201\t125\t42\t48\t21\t18\t25\t1\t46\t0\t0\t0\t7\t34\t3\t0\t1\t0\t1\t0\t0 1961\t697\t1\t31\t124\t74\t137\t107\t77\t27\t53\t14\t36\t16\t52\t0\t0\t7\t4\t23\t2\t0\t0\t15\t0\t1\t0 1962\t657\t12\t25\t37\t41\t200\t171\t78\t51\t24\t11\t5\t2\t30\t1\t0\t17\t2\t4\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0\t0\t0 1963\t463\t15\t6\t48\t84\t71\t90\t62\t26\t33\t13\t15\t0\t31\t1\t0\t8\t16\t1\t0\t0\t2\t3\t0\t0\t0 1964\t704\t14\t2\t36\t157\t134\t137\t63\t79\t25\t22\t17\t18\t73\t10\t0\t6\t15\t16\t0\t0\t2\t0\t22\t0\t2 1965\t897\t21\t32\t34\t123\t273\t147\t85\t61\t64\t16\t34\t7\t301\t0\t0\t2\t268\t17\t7\t0\t1\t0\t1\t5\t0 1966\t585\t1\t28\t12\t80\t98\t126\t100\t58\t22\t29\t20\t11\t98\t0\t0\t58\t12\t0\t19\t3\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0 1967\t926\t39\t8\t42\t149\t116\t210\t90\t28\t139\t36\t8\t61\t114\t7\t0\t3\t73\t3\t6\t1\t2\t5\t4\t0\t10 1968\t660\t5\t7\t28\t102\t145\t136\t56\t66\t25\t14\t44\t32\t131\t0\t0\t0\t40\t72\t11\t2\t2\t0\t0\t3\t1 1969\t608\t3\t5\t8\t68\t145\t137\t98\t70\t20\t26\t5\t23\t66\t32\t0\t1\t2\t4\t7\t0\t19\t0\t0\t0\t1 1970\t654\t9\t16\t25\t117\t88\t134\t82\t55\t54\t50\t10\t14\t73\t0\t0\t2\t30\t26\t6\t3\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0 1971\t889\t19\t83\t40\t75\t166\t199\t100\t50\t47\t38\t16\t56\t159\t1\t134\t2\t11\t7\t1\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0\t2 1972\t741\t33\t7\t69\t96\t140\t114\t115\t59\t49\t34\t17\t8\t27\t5\t0\t0\t16\t0\t2\t0\t2\t0\t0\t2\t0 1973\t1102\t33\t10\t80\t150\t250\t224\t80\t51\t69\t25\t81\t49\t89\t1\t0\t17\t10\t35\t3\t1\t4\t3\t0\t12\t3 1974\t945\t24\t23\t36\t267\t144\t194\t59\t107\t25\t45\t13\t8\t366\t2\t0\t1\t317\t10\t31\t0\t0\t0\t5\t0\t0 1975\t919\t52\t45\t84\t108\t188\t196\t79\t60\t34\t12\t39\t22\t60\t12\t7\t12\t13\t5\t6\t2\t2\t0\t0\t0\t1 1976\t834\t12\t36\t180\t113\t155\t169\t84\t38\t35\t11\t0\t1\t44\t0\t5\t21\t1\t8\t3\t2\t1\t3\t0\t0\t0 1977\t852\t5\t17\t64\t88\t228\t132\t99\t82\t65\t25\t24\t23\t43\t0\t2\t0\t26\t4\t0\t1\t6\t1\t1\t0\t2 1978\t789\t23\t7\t17\t107\t213\t148\t143\t65\t20\t7\t9\t30\t53\t2\t0\t0\t4\t7\t17\t11\t1\t6\t0\t0\t5 1979\t855\t16\t4\t53\t123\t112\t150\t132\t126\t69\t47\t21\t2\t84\t0\t0\t1\t58\t2\t8\t1\t5\t2\t7\t0\t0 1980\t866\t5\t11\t41\t137\t203\t217\t95\t73\t37\t43\t3\t1\t28\t0\t0\t2\t4\t8\t7\t5\t0\t1\t1\t0\t0 1981\t782\t2\t25\t33\t84\t187\t223\t98\t64\t26\t32\t7\t1\t24\t0\t2\t1\t13\t0\t8\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0 1982\t1047\t18\t3\t60\t150\t329\t196\t95\t34\t38\t9\t19\t96\t64\t1\t0\t6\t30\t14\t4\t0\t0\t2\t0\t0\t7 1983\t931\t13\t41\t71\t65\t249\t178\t99\t76\t19\t13\t49\t58\t34\t2\t1\t0\t6\t14\t2\t4\t0\t0\t0\t0\t5 1984\t907\t1\t27\t73\t176\t169\t242\t72\t47\t17\t49\t30\t4\t122\t0\t0\t64\t33\t6\t14\t0\t0\t0\t4\t1\t0 1985\t684\t2\t7\t38\t134\t182\t82\t51\t108\t40\t18\t19\t3\t94\t0\t0\t2\t5\t78\t3\t0\t3\t0\t0\t3\t0 1986\t765\t0\t30\t76\t84\t173\t134\t88\t67\t65\t26\t17\t5\t15\t0\t2\t6\t2\t1\t0\t3\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0 1987\t656\t6\t19\t38\t20\t126\t132\t163\t63\t19\t1\t55\t14\t59\t0\t6\t1\t1\t31\t2\t0\t1\t0\t0\t11\t6 1988\t702\t17\t4\t28\t58\t132\t63\t103\t61\t76\t19\t121\t20\t32\t5\t0\t1\t4\t3\t0\t0\t3\t1\t0\t14\t1 1989\t856\t14\t18\t43\t82\t231\t252\t59\t36\t31\t30\t57\t3\t50\t0\t0\t1\t0\t9\t5\t0\t0\t0\t4\t31\t0 1990\t1133\t11\t57\t86\t108\t243\t329\t106\t60\t45\t35\t18\t35\t53\t0\t1\t3\t0\t5\t11\t0\t29\t0\t2\t0\t2 1991\t1132\t29\t11\t157\t204\t335\t216\t64\t46\t26\t21\t20\t3\t39\t1\t0\t13\t21\t0\t1\t1\t0\t0\t0\t2\t0 1992\t1297\t15\t29\t55\t53\t137\t399\t213\t115\t81\t34\t146\t20\t39\t0\t0\t5\t0\t0\t1\t0\t3\t0\t4\t26\t0 1993\t1173\t17\t34\t48\t85\t177\t313\t242\t112\t65\t55\t19\t6\t33\t0\t3\t5\t10\t2\t1\t0\t6\t2\t4\t0\t0 1994\t1082\t13\t9\t58\t205\t161\t234\t155\t120\t30\t51\t42\t4\t69\t0\t0\t40\t12\t0\t3\t3\t4\t0\t0\t7\t0