Using the Earnings Quality Model, Answer the following:

Q$1$: Is the proportion of accruals to earnings high enough to warrant investigation?

Q$2$: Do the intensity ratios $($Net Operating Asset and Intangibles$),$ taken together, indicate a possible red flag for poor earnings quality?

Q$3$: Are there any trends in the operating expense ratios $($Advertising to Sales, SG&A to Sales, R&D to Sales$)$ that would indicate potential changes to future earnings expectations?

Q$4$: Looking at Gross Profit Margin, the Unusual Expense Intensity, and the Asset Replacement Ratio, do you see any indication of under$-$ or overstated expenses?