Using the tests for deductibility discussed in Chapter 5, explain why the following expenses may not be fully deductible in the current year

a. Janet pays $900 in interest on debt she incurred to purchase municipal bonds. The bonds pay $1,500 of interest in the current year.

b. Andrew owns a retail-clothing store. Andrew has the opportunity to obtain a franchise to operate a discount sporting goods store. He spends $5,000 investigating the possibility of opening a sporting goods store in a neighboring town.

c. Jane owns a fitness center. She employs the star basketball player at Local University as an aerobics instructor. Because of his reputation, she pays him $20 an hour. Jane pays her other aerobics instructors $10 an hour.

d. Alvin makes a vacation trip to Florida, and while there spends two days investigating the feasibility of opening up a new office of his optometry practice.