We all love the std::string class. Now lets make our own string class. The goal today is to create a simple str class that mimic the functionality of the std::string class. To keep things civilized, I have taken the liberty of implementing part of the str class. You are asked to complete the rest of the functions.

Task

Please implement your functions in the str.cpp class.

Header file declaring str class.

// str.h

#ifndef __str_h__ #define __str_h__  

#include #include #include

using namespace std;

class str {

protected: char* _buf; // pointer to the underlying storage int _n; // size of the buffer

public:

 // constructors of various forms  

 str(); str(int n); str(char ch); str(const char* c_str); 

 // lets not forget the destructor  

~str();

 // inline functions for finding length info of the str  

inline const int& length() const { return _n; } inline bool is_empty() const { return length() == 0; }

 // index operators  

char& operator[](int i) { return _buf[i]; } const char& operator[](int i) const { return _buf[i]; }

 // TODO 1. You need to implement the assignment operator  

const str& operator=(const str& s); // TODO 2. You need to implement the + operator concatenates two str

friend str operator+(const str& a, const str& b);

friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const str& s);

friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, str& s); };

#endif

Meanwhile the str.cpp file looks like // str.cpp #include "str.h" str::str() : _n(0), _buf(0)

{}

str::str(int n) : _n(n) { 

_buf = new char[_n]; }

str::str(char ch) : _n(1) { 

_buf = new char[_n];

 _buf[0] = ch; } 

str::str(const char* c_str) { 

_n = strlen(c_str); _buf = new char[_n]; for (int i=0; i<_n; ++i) _buf[i]=c_str[i];

}

str::~str() { 

if (_buf) delete [] _buf; }

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const str& s) {

 if (!s.is_empty()) { for (int i=0; i 
 cout << s[i]; } 
 
 } else cout << "[null str]"; 
 
return os; }
 
istream& operator>>(istream& is, str& s) {
 
char ch; do {
 
 ch = is.get(); if (ch == ' ' || ch == ' ') break; s = s + ch; 
 
} while(true); return is;
 
}
 
// 1. TODO - assignment operator // 2. TODO - concatenation operator  
 
And the main.cpp is // main.cpp #include "str.h"
 
int main() {
 
 str s1; cout << s1 << endl; 
 
 str s2("Hello"); cout << s2 << endl; 
 
 str s3("World"); str s4 = s2 + " " + s3; 
 
 cout << s4 << endl; 
 
 str s5, s6; cin >> s5 >> s6; cout << s5 << ' ' << s6; 
 
return 0; }
 
When I compile and run the code (g++ main.cpp str.cpp -o str) I get the following output
 
$ ./str <---- user [null str] Hello Hello World 
 
123 345 <---- user 123 345