What does "zero-trust refer to? What does "defense-in-depth" refer to? What is a DoS attack? Briefly explain how it works. According to your reading, what does the work cryptography mean? What does the integrity service entail? What does the authentication service entail? What are the three cryptographic functions? How many keys does public key cryptography use? How many keys does secret key cryptography use? What is an unencrypted message called? (provide two options) What is the encrypted message called? Why is it NOT a problem to have everybody know the details of a cryptographic algorithm? What is one method that can be used to break any cryptographic algorithm? How many three number combinations are possible as the key of a combination lock if each number goes from 1 to 40? What is "work factor" and what does it measure? How many key combinations exist for a key that is 40 bits long? Why does increasing the length of a key increases the amount of work the "good guy has to do just by a little, but increases the amount of work for the bad guy significantly? Why is it a good idea to publish the details of a cryptographic algorithm? Using the Caesar cipher described in section 2.1.5, encrypt the word DOZENS. Explain your result. What is one way to analyze and break a monoalphabetic cipher? Research: What is the most common letter used in the English language?