What is the criminal law's power$-$restricting function?

It lays out the rules that criminal justice personnel must follow from arrest through conviction of a criminal defendant

it proactively tells citizens what behaviors they cannot engage in

It provides the rules by which disputes are to be settled when disagreements arise between individuals

It proactively tells citizens the penalties they may face upon conviction of engaging in illegal activity

All of the above fall under the heading of the power restricting function inherent in our criminal law