What’s the basic difference between “act” utilitarianism and“rule” utilitarianism?

1.Act utilitarianism says we should only care about ourselvesindividually, and not think about the greater good. Ruleutilitarianism says we should care about others as well asourselves.

2.Act utilitarianism says we should create the greatesthappiness for the greatest number of people, but we should makethat judgment on a case-by-case basis (on the basis of individualacts or situations). Rule utilitarianism says that our actionsshould follow rules that will provide us with the greatesthappiness for the greatest number, rather than focusing onindividual acts or situations.

3.Act utilitarianism says we must always believe in a higherpower—God—who can guide our actions. Rule utilitarianism says wemust follow our own, human moral rules, and not rely on a God toact and help us.

4.Act utilitarianism says an action is good if it has a goodintention; rule utilitarianism says an action is good if it createsthe greatest good for the greatest number.

2.

Utilitarian ethics argues that it is impossible to everidentify any moral truths.

True

False

3.

In this class, we discuss a key issue in distributive justice:global poverty.

Select the answer below that is the most accurate depiction ofpositions that people take in ethical debates on globalpoverty.

1.Libertarian positions on distributive justice emphasizeindividual liberties rather than duties that individuals have tolarger communities

2.Egalitarian theories hold that justice requires equaldistributions of goods among all persons.

3.Neither of these definitions is accurate.

4.Both of these definitions are accurate.