When analyzing data, you begin with a null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is assumed to be true unless it is determined to be false with a statistical test. During statistical analysis, such tests determine the p-value, the probability of obtaining the study results by chance if the null hypothesis is true. The null hypothesis is rejected in favor of its alternative if the p-value is less than 'alpha,' the predetermined level of statistical significance (often 0.05 or 0.01) (Michigan Center for Public Health Preparedness, 2010). For this Discussion, review this week's Learning Resources and consider the significance of p-values in contributing to public health practice